This translation is from the New American Bible. The bolded hyperlinks will take you to additional translations. The entire chapter is included to provide context.
Information about the meaning the original Hebrew or Greek of what seem to be key words is provided in blue. It is provided beneath the specific reading the words are in.
Collections of or meditations on scriptures dealing with principles similar to those addressed in particular readings are hyperlinked after those readings.
Excerpts collected in yellow at the end of this post tell us something about God’s nature or our relationship to Him.
Excerpts collected in green at the end of this post tell us about something God wants us to do.
Excerpts collected in red at the end of this post tell us about something God does not want us to do.
Reading 1: Isaiah 11:1-10
On that day, a shoot shall sprout from the stump of Jesse, and from his roots a bud shall blossom.
The spirit of the LORD shall rest upon him: a spirit of wisdom and of understanding, a spirit of counsel and of strength, a spirit of knowledge and of fear of the LORD, and his delight shall be the fear of the LORD.
Not by appearance shall he judge, nor by hearsay shall he decide, but he shall judge the poor with justice, and decide aright for the land's afflicted. He shall strike the ruthless with the rod of his mouth, and with the breath of his lips he shall slay the wicked. Justice shall be the band around his waist, and faithfulness a belt upon his hips.
Then the wolf shall be a guest of the lamb, and the leopard shall lie down with the kid; the calf and the young lion shall browse together, with a little child to guide them. The cow and the bear shall be neighbors, together their young shall rest; the lion shall eat hay like the ox. The baby shall play by the cobra's den, and the child lay his hand on the adder's lair.
There shall be no harm or ruin on all my holy mountain; for the earth shall be filled with knowledge of the LORD, as water covers the sea.
On that day, the root of Jesse, set up as a signal for the nations, the Gentiles shall seek out, for his dwelling shall be glorious.
shoot = חֹטֶר = ḥōṭer Blue Letter Bible branch, twig; sucker; rod
stump = גֶּזַע = gezaʿ Blue Letter Bible stem, trunk, stock (of trees); the trunk or stump of a tree (as felled or as planted); a tree putting out roots when newly planted
roots = שֶׁרֶשׁ = šereš Blue Letter Bible involving firmness or permanence; bottom (as lowest stratum); bottom, deep, heel; seat, fixed dwelling
bud = נֵצֶר = nēṣer Blue Letter Bible sprout, shoot, branch; the sense of greenness as a striking color; a shoot; figuratively, a descendant
blossom = פָּרָה = pārâ Blue Letter Bible to bear fruit, be fruitful, branch off; to bear fruit, grow, increase; cause to bear fruit, make fruitful; to bear; to be bore, borne swiftly; increase with offspring
spirit = רוּחַ = rûaḥ Blue Letter Bible, mind, spirit; animation, vivacity, vigour; that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation; unaccountable or uncontrollable impulse; courage; desire; seat or organ of mental acts; the rational mind; intellect; seat of moral character; energy and executive and administrative power; energy of life; wind, breath; breath of air in motion; vital principle; endowing men with various gifts
rest = נוּחַ = nûaḥ Blue Letter Bible to rest, settle down and remain; cause to alight, set down; to be left, be placed; give comfort; sit, set one’s self down; be at rest, reside, remain; deposit, let down; lay upon
spirit—see above
wisdom = חָכְמָה = ḥāḵmâ Blue Letter Bible a divine attribute or energy; shrewdness; skill; prudence; cleverness; dexterity
understanding = בִּינָה = bînâ Blue Letter Bible discernment; knowledge; insight
spirit—see above
counsel = עֵצָה = ʿēṣâ Blue Letter Bible advice; plan; prudence, wisdom; sagacity, consultation
strength = גְּבוּרָה = gᵊḇûrâ Blue Letter Bible strength, might; valor, bravery; mighty deeds; force, mastery; power; fortitude; military virtue
spirit—see above
knowledge = דַּעַת = daʿaṯ Blue Letter Bible knowledge, perception, skill; discernment, understanding, wisdom; cunning; knowing; intelligence
fear = יִרְאָה = yir'â Blue Letter Bible respect, reverence, piety; revered; holy fear; awesome or terrifying thing; fear, terror
delight = רִיחַ = rîaḥ Blue Letter Bible to smell, scent, perceive odour, accept; touch, make of quick understanding; breath, blow; smell with pleasure, sweet smell
appearance = מַרְאֶה = mar'ê Blue Letter Bible sight, appearance, vision; what is seen; power of seeing; pattern, to see; form; aspect
judge = שָׁפַט = šāp̄aṭ Blue Letter Bible act as law-giver, judge, governor (giving law, deciding controversies and executing law, civil, religious, political, social; deciding cases; making known statutes; decide controversy, discriminate between persons in civil, political, domestic, and religious questions; to judge, govern, vindicate, punish; to act as law-giver or judge or governor; to rule, govern, judge; pronounce sentence; to execute judgment; to govern; condemn; defend; vindicate
hearsay = מִשְׁמָע = mišmāʿ Blue Letter Bible thing heard, rumour; report
decide = יָכַח = yakach Blue Letter Bible to prove, decide, judge, rebuke, reprove, correct, be right; argue, chasten, convince, be in the sunshine, be clear, manifest; dispute, altercate
judge—see above
poor = דַּל = dal Blue Letter Bible low, poor, weak, thin, one who is low; lean, needy, poor (man), weaker; powerless; feeble; dangling, swinging, hanging
justice = צֶדֶק = ṣeḏeq Blue Letter Bible rightness, righteousness; justness; justness (of weights and measures); righteousness (in government)
decide—see above
aright = מִישׁוֹר = mîšôr Blue Letter Bible level place, uprightness; straightness; justice; equity
afflicted = עָנָו = ʿānāv Blue Letter Bible poor, humble, afflicted, meek; lowly; miserable
strike = נָכָה = nāḵâ Blue Letter Bible strike, smite, hit, beat, slay, kill, slaughter, murder; beat, scourge; give a thrust; attack; destroy, conquer, subjugate, ravage; chastise, punish; send judgment upon; give stripes; be defeated
ruthless = אֶרֶץ = 'ereṣ Blue Letter Bible land, earth; country, territory, district, region; ground, soil; field; from an unused root probably meaning to be firm; element of the earth; earthy
rod = שֵׁבֶט = šēḇeṭ Blue Letter Bible branch, offshoot; rod, staff, stick; club, crook, shepherd's implement; truncheon, sceptre (mark of authority); measuring rod; clan, tribe
breath—see “spirit” above
slay = מוּת = mûṯ Blue Letter Bible kill, have one executed; to die (as penalty), be put to death; to die prematurely (by neglect of wise moral conduct); to kill, put to death, dispatch; destroy
wicked = רָשָׁע = rāšāʿ Blue Letter Bible guilty one, one guilty of crime; hostile to God; against God or man; morally wrong; ungodly; unrighteous
Justice—see above
band = אֵזוֹר = 'ēzôr Blue Letter Bible waist-cloth, the innermost piece of clothing; waistband; girdle; bond
waste = מָתְנַיִם = māṯnayim Blue Letter Bible waist or small of the back; hips; loins; seat of strength
faithfulness = אֱמוּנָה = 'ĕmûnâ Blue Letter Bible firmness, fidelity, steadfastness, steadiness; literally firmness; figuratively security; morally fidelity
belt—see “band” above
hips = חָלָץ = ḥālāṣ Blue Letter Bible loins; seat of strength, virility; reins
harm = רָעַע = rāʿaʿ Blue Letter Bible to be bad, be evil; to be injurious; to be wicked, be evil (ethically); to break, shatter; to be displeasing; to be sad; to spoil; afflict; vex; to break
ruin = שָׁחַת = šāḥaṯ Blue Letter Bible to destroy, corrupt, go to ruin, decay; to be marred, be spoiled, be injured, be ruined, be rotted; act wickedly; pervert
holy = קֹדֶשׁ = qōḏeš Blue Letter Bible apartness, holiness, sacredness, separateness; hallowed; consecrated; sanctuary
mountain = הַר = har Blue Letter Bible hill, mountain, hill country, mount; range of hills; high elevation
filled = מָלָא = mālā' Blue Letter Bible fulness, abundance; to be full; make full; fill a place; mutually fill; satisfied
knowledge = דֵּעָה = dēʿâ Blue Letter Bible knowledge (of God)
covers = כָּסָה = kāsâ Blue Letter Bible to cover over, spread over; to cover, overwhelm; conceal, hide; to plump, i.e. fill up hollows; put on
signal = נֵס = nēs Blue Letter Bible something lifted up, standard, signal, signal pole, ensign, banner, sign, sail; rallying point; a token; column, lofty pole;
seek out = דָּרַשׁ = darash Blue Letter Bible to resort to, seek, seek with care, enquire, require; to seek deity in prayer and worship; to practice, study, follow, seek with application; to follow (for pursuit or search); diligently inquire, make inquisition; to learn, to study: frequent; apply oneself; to take care for
dwelling = מְנוּחָה = mᵊnûḥâ Blue Letter Bible resting place; quietness; peacefully; consolation; an abode, habitation; comfortable; ease, quiet, still; condition of rest and security
glorious = כָּבוֹד = kāḇôḏ Blue Letter Bible glory, honour, glorious, abundance; weight, but only figuratively in a good sense; heaviness; splendor or copiousness; dignity of position; reputation, of character; majesty
Scriptures addressing similar principles are collected at:
Wisdom Principles--Caring for the weak & vulnerable
Wisdom Principles--God’s Ways Give Security
Wisdom Principles--We must strive for fair justice, to maintain the rule of law for all
***
Responsorial Psalm: Psalm 72:1-2, 7-8, 12-13, 17
R. (cf. 7) Justice shall flourish in his time, and fullness of peace for ever.
O God, with your judgment endow the king, and with your justice, the king's son;
he shall govern your people with justice and your afflicted ones with judgment.
R. Justice shall flourish in his time, and fullness of peace for ever.
Justice shall flower in his days, and profound peace, till the moon be no more.
May he rule from sea to sea, and from the river to the ends of the earth.
R. Justice shall flourish in his time, and fullness of peace for ever.
For he shall rescue the poor when he cries out, and the afflicted when he has no one to help him.
He shall have pity for the lowly and the poor; the lives of the poor he shall save.
R. Justice shall flourish in his time, and fullness of peace for ever.
May his name be blessed forever; as long as the sun his name shall remain.
In him shall all the tribes of the earth be blessed; all the nations shall proclaim his happiness.
R. Justice shall flourish in his time, and fullness of peace for ever.
justice = צַדִּיק = ṣadîq Blue Letter Bible lawful, righteous; righteous (in government); righteous (in conduct and character); righteous (as justified and vindicated by God); honest, virtuous, pious; correct; being a just judge; one who has a just cause; upright; just toward men and obedient to the laws of God; benignity and liberality; loving truth
flourish = פָּרַח = pāraḥ Blue Letter Bible to bud, sprout, send out shoots, blossom; to spread; specifically, to fly (as extending the wings); abundantly; break out, burst forth; abroad, spring up; put forth/make buds, leaves, flowers
fullness = רֹב = rōḇ Blue Letter Bible multitude, abundance, greatness, great(-ly, -ness); numerous; huge; plenty(-ifully); many; more in number, most, much
peace = שָׁלוֹם = šālôm Blue Letter Bible completeness, soundness, welfare, peace; safety; health, prosperity; quiet, tranquility, contentment; friendship, concord; happy; favour; absence of war
judgment = מִשְׁפָּט = mišpāṭ Blue Letter Bible justice, right, rectitude; judgment, justice, ordinance; proper, fitting, measure, fitness, custom, manner, plan; process, procedure, litigation; sentence, decision; execution; decision; verdict; sentence or formal decree; determination; discretion; that which is just, lawful, according to law
endow = נָתַן = nāṯan Blue Letter Bible to give, bestow, grant; consecrate, devote, dedicate; entrust, give over, deliver up; yield produce; be (healed); pour; print; teach; to apply the heart to; to constitute, to make a thing like or similar to
justice = צְדָקָה = ṣᵊḏāqâ Blue Letter Bible righteousness; righteousness (as vindicated); righteousness (in government); justification, salvation; truthfulness; ethically right; rectitude; virtue; ethically right; things done justly; rightness, moderation
govern = דִּין = dîn Blue Letter Bible to judge, contend, plead; to act as judge, minister judgment; to plead a cause; to execute judgment, requite, vindicate; to govern; to judge (as umpire); to strive (as at law); to rule, regulate; condemn, punish; defend the right; domineer
justice—see above
afflicted= עָנִי = ʿānî Blue Letter Bible poor, afflicted, humble, wretched; weak; humble, lowly; depressed in mind or circumstances; needy; meek, mild; oppressed
judgment—see above
justice—see above
flower—see “flourish” above
profound—see “fullness” above
rule = רָדָה = rāḏâ Blue Letter Bible to rule, have dominion, dominate, tread down; to have dominion, subjugate; prevail against, reign; come to, make to; subdue; take possession over; break up; scrape out
rescue = נָצַל = nāṣal Blue Letter Bible to snatch away, deliver, rescue; to be torn out or away; defend; preserve; draw out, pull out; pluck out; save; take out; deprive of; recover
poor = אֶבְיוֹן = 'eḇyôn Blue Letter Bible in want, needy, chiefly poor, needy person; subject to oppression and abuse; needing help, deliverance from trouble, especially as delivered by God; general reference to lowest class; beggar; wretched; destitute
cries out = שָׁוַע = šāva Blue Letter Bible to cry out (for help), shout; ask for aid, implore for help; to be rich, wealthy; halloo
afflicted—see above
help = עָזַר = ʿāzar Blue Letter Bible to help, succour, support; protect or aid
pity = חוּס = ḥûs Blue Letter Bible have compassion, spare, look upon with compassion; to cover; regard; to be grieved on account of
lowly = דַּל = dal Blue Letter Bible low, poor, weak, thin, one who is low; lean, needy, poor (man), weaker; powerless; feeble; dangling, swinging, hanging
poor—see above
lives = נֶפֶשׁ = nep̄eš Blue Letter Bible soul, self, life, creature, person, appetite, mind, living being, desire, emotion, passion; the inner being of man; seat of the appetites; seat of emotions and passions; the mode of feeling/acting, understanding and the faculty of thinking
save = יָשַׁע = yāšaʿ Blue Letter Bible to be liberated, be saved, be delivered; to save from moral troubles; to give victory to; to be open, wide or free, i.e. (by implication) to be safe; to free or succor; defend, help, preserve, rescue
name = שֵׁם = šēm Blue Letter Bible name; reputation, fame, glory; honor, authority, character; renown, report
forever = עוֹלָם = ôlām Blue Letter Bible long duration, antiquity, futurity, for ever, ever, everlasting, evermore, perpetual, old, ancient; forever, always; perpetuity; continuous existence, perpetual; everlasting, indefinite or unending future, eternity; time out of mind (past or future); always; unending
blessed = בָּרַךְ = bāraḵ Blue Letter Bible to kneel; be adored; to praise, salute; celebrate, adore; abundantly, altogether, greatly; cause to prosper; ask after another’s welfare
nations = גּוֹי = gôy Blue Letter Bible nation, people; confluence of men
proclaim his happiness = אָשַׁר = 'āšar Blue Letter Bible to go straight, walk, go on, advance, make progress; to be advanced, be led on; to be made happy, be blessed; to go forward, be honest, prosper; guide, lead; pronounce happy or fortunate
Scriptures addressing similar principles are collected at:
Wisdom Principles--Caring for the weak & vulnerable
Wisdom Principles--God’s Ways Give Security
Wisdom Principles--We must strive for fair justice, to maintain the rule of law for all
***
Reading 2: Romans 15:4-9
Whatever was written previously was written for our instruction, that by endurance and by the encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope. May the God of endurance and encouragement grant you to think in harmony with one another, in keeping with Christ Jesus, that with one accord you may with one voice glorify the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ.
Welcome one another, then, as Christ welcomed you, for the glory of God. For I say that Christ became a minister of the circumcised to show God's truthfulness, to confirm the promises to the patriarchs, but so that the Gentiles might glorify God for his mercy. As it is written: Therefore, I will praise you among the Gentiles and sing praises to your name.
written previously= προγράφω = prographō Blue Letter Bible to write before (of time); to write previously; of old set forth or designated beforehand (in the scriptures of the OT); to announce, prescribe; to depict or portray openly; to write before the eyes of all who can read; ordain; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon write before or first; set forth as a public notice; give written notice
written = γράφω = graphō Blue Letter Bible to write, with reference to the form of the letters; to express in written characters; to write, with reference to the contents of the writing; to "grave", especially to write; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon scratch, graze; marked or drawn signs; represent by lines, draw, paint; express by written characters, write; inscribe; write for oneself or for one's own use, note down
instruction = διδασκαλία = didaskalia Blue Letter Bible teaching, instruction; that which is taught; doctrine, teachings, precepts; that which is taught; doctrine
teachings, precepts; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon teaching, instruction; elucidation; official instructions
endurance = ὑπομονή = hypomone Blue Letter Bible patience; remaining under; steadfastness, constancy, endurance; the characteristic of a man who is not swerved from his deliberate purpose and his loyalty to faith and piety by even the greatest trials and sufferings; cheerful (or hopeful) endurance; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon remaining behind; endurance, power to sustain, endure; enduring to do
encouragement = παράκλησις = paraklesis Blue Letter Bible comfort; encouragement with alleviation of grief; that which affords comfort or refreshment; persuasive discourse, stirring address — instructive; admonitory, consolatory; powerful hortatory discourse; calling to one's side; an exhortation; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon calling to one's aid, summons, imploring, appealing, exhortation
Scripture = γραφή = graphē Blue Letter Bible a writing, thing written; the Scripture, used to denote either the book itself, or its contents; a certain portion or section of the Holy Scripture; Holy Writ; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon writing or the art of writing; that which is written, writing; the Holy Scripture
hope = ἐλπίς = elpis Blue Letter Bible favorable and confident expectation; expectation of good; hope; to anticipate, usually with pleasure; confidence, faith; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon hope, expectation; object of hope, a hope; reason to expect or believe
grant = δίδωμι = didōmi Blue Letter Bible bestow, the implied idea being that of giving freely; grant; offer; yield, produce; to supply, furnish, necessary things; to furnish, endue; to cause, profuse, give forth from one's self; minister; to give one to someone to care for his interests; give up for; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon give freely, to be ready to give, offer; provide well for
harmony = αὐτός = autos Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon one's true self, the soul; by or in itself; in one, together; the same; in one piece with, together with
in keeping with = κατά = kata Blue Letter Bible after the manner; in accordance with; down from; through out; according to; toward, along; by; after the manner of; through, throughout; with regard to, of; like as; as respects; with regard to; in reference to; according to anything as a standard, agreeably to; in proportion to, according to the measure of; through, on account of, from, owing to (in accordance with i. e. in consequence of, by virtue of; in (or after) the same (or this) manner; from, down from, from a higher to a lower place; in succession, in course; after, behind; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon denoting motion from above, down from; down upon or into; in respect of, concerning; distributively, of a whole divided into parts; fitness or conformity, in accordance with; in relation to, concerning; corresponding with, after the fashion of
one accord = ὁμοθυμαδόν = homothymadon Blue Letter Bible of one accord; with one mind; with one passion; a compound of two words meaning to "rush along" and "in unison". The image is almost musical; a number of notes are sounded which, while different, harmonize in pitch and tone; As the instruments of a great concert under the direction of a concert master, so the Holy Spirit blends together the lives of members of Christ's church.
voice = στόμα = stoma Blue Letter Bible mouth, gullet, stomach; figuratively of inanimate things; the mouth, as part of the body; the front or edge; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon mouth; the mouth as the organ of speech; one's face, foremost part, front; any outlet or entrance
glorify = δοξάζω = doxazō Blue Letter Bible to magnify, extol, praise; ascribing honor to, acknowledging; to make glorious, adorn with lustre, clothe with splendor; to make renowned, render illustrious; to cause the dignity and worth of some person or thing to become manifest and acknowledged; to honour, do honour to, hold in honour;to exalt to a glorious rank or condition; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon think, imagine; suppose; form or hold an opinion; magnify, extol; to be distinguished, held in honour
welcome = προσλαμβάνω = proslambanō Blue Letter Bible take to oneself; receive; a special interest on the part of the receiver, suggesting a welcome; take as one's companion; receive into one's home, with the collateral idea of kindness; grant one access to one's heart; take into friendship and intercourse; to take to one's self, to take: i.e. food; admit to friendship or hospitality; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon take or receive besides or in addition; get over and above; make gains; make progress; take in, add; take to oneself as one's helper or partner; take hold of; fasten; to be enveloped; lend a hand, help you to find an answer; be aided by
one another = ἀλλήλων = allēlōn Blue Letter Bible with each other, together; reciprocally, mutually; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon of one another, to one another, one another; hence, mutually, reciprocally, among one another
just as = καθώς = kathōs Blue Letter Bible according as, just as, even as, in proportion as, in the degree that; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon even as; how; as, when
welcomed—see “welcome” above
glory = δόξα = doxa Blue Letter Bible opinion, judgment, view, estimate; splendour, brightness; magnificence, excellence, preeminence, dignity, grace; majesty; most exalted state; honor; absolute perfection; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon the opinion which others have of one, estimation, repute; good repute, honour, glory; glory, splendor, magnificence, celestial beatitude
truthfulness = ἀλήθεια = aletheia Blue Letter Bible the reality lying at the basis of an appearance; the manifested, veritable essence of a matter; that candour of mind which is free from affection, pretence, simulation, falsehood, deceit; sincerity of mind and integrity of character, or a mode of life in harmony with divine truth; veracity; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon The opposite of lie or mere appearance; reality
confirm = βεβαιόω = bebaioō Blue Letter Bible make firm, establish, confirm, make sure; stabilitate; made steadfast and constant; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon confirm, establish, make good; treat as valid; secure one the possession of a thing; establish for oneself, secure; secure one's ground in argument; confirm oneself in an opinion; guarantee the validity of a purchase, warrant the purchaser's title; determine, show itself positively
promises = ἐπαγγελία = epangelia Blue Letter Bible announcement; an undertaking to do or give something, a promise; a gift graciously bestowed, not a pledge secured by negotiation; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon command, summons; announcement, notice; offer, promise, profession, undertaking
glorify—see above
mercy = ἔλεος = eleos Blue Letter Bible kindness or good will towards the miserable and the afflicted, joined with a desire to help them; compassion (human or divine, especially active); readiness to help those in trouble; the outward manifestation of pity; it assumes need on the part of him who receives it, and resources adequate to meet the need on the part of him who shows it; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon pity, mercy, compassion
written—see above
praise = ἐξομολογέω = exomologeō Blue Letter Bible profess or acknowledge openly; confess by way of celebrating, giving praise; to agree openly, to acknowledge outwardly, or fully; acknowledge openly and joyfully; to one's honour: to celebrate, give praise to; to profess that one will do something, to promise, agree, engage
AND
Hebrew from Psalm 18:49) = יָדָה = yāḏâ Blue Letter Bible to throw, shoot, cast; laud, praise; to profess, confess; to use (i.e. hold out) the hand; to revere or worship (with extended hands); intensively, to bemoan (by wringing the hands); (make) confess(-ion); praise, celebrate
sing = ψάλλω = psallō Blue Letter Bible to twitch, twang; to pluck off, pull out to cause to vibrate by touching; to play a stringed instrument with the fingers; to touch or strike the chord, to twang the strings of a musical instrument so that they gently vibrate; to play on a stringed instrument, to play, the harp, etc. to sing with a harp, sing psalms; to sing a hymn, sing praise; to celebrate the praises of God in song; making melody; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon luck, pull, twitch, pluck the hair, esp. of the bow-string; mostly of the strings of musical instruments, play a stringed instrument with the fingers, and not with the plectron; sing to a harp
sing praise (Hebrew from Psalm 18:49) = זָמַר = zamar Blue Letter Bible to sing, sing praise; to make music; to play a musical instrument; to touch the strings or parts of a musical instrument, i.e. play upon it; to make music, accompanied by the voice; hence to celebrate in song and music; give praise, sing forth praises, psalms; make music in praise of God; to pluck; to dance
name = ὄνομα = onoma Blue Letter Bible all that a "name" implies, of authority, character, rank, majesty, power, excellence, etc.; of everything that the "name" covers; the name is used for everything which the name covers, everything the thought or feeling of which is aroused in the mind by mentioning, hearing, remembering, the name, i.e. for one's rank, authority, interests, pleasure, command, excellences, deeds etc.
AND
name = שֵׁם = šēm Blue Letter Bible name; reputation, fame, glory; honor, authority, character; renown, report
Scriptures addressing similar principles are collected at:
***
Alleluia: Luke 3:4, 6
R. Alleluia, alleluia.
Prepare the way of the Lord, make straight his paths: all flesh shall see the salvation of God.
R. Alleluia, alleluia.
prepare = ἑτοιμάζω = hetoimazō Blue Letter Bible to make the necessary preparations, get everything ready; prepare, provide, make ready; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon Get ready; make oneself ready; to be prepared with
AND
(Hebrew from Isaiah 40:3) = פָּנָה = pānâ Blue Letter Bible to turn toward or from or away; to turn and do; to approach; make clear, clear away; to face; turn and look; regard; look for; turn away, put out of the way, make clear, clear away things scattered about, make orderly; to turn oneself; to direct one’s course, to intend, to propose to oneself
way = ὁδός = hodos Blue Letter Bible way, path, road; highway; used of a traveler's way; journey; a course of conduct; a way (i.e. manner) of thinking, feeling, deciding; the way in which one walks; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon way, road; course, channel of a river; way or manner; course; method, system
AND
(Hebrew from Isaiah 40:3) = דֶּרֶךְ = dereḵ Blue Letter Bible way, road, distance, journey, manner; path; mode; manner, habit, way; course of life; mode of action
make = ποιέω = poieō Blue Letter Bible to do, make; used of spending a time or tarrying, in a place; to acquire, to provide a thing for one's self; to produce, bear, shoot forth; to carry out, to execute; to celebrate, keep; to perform; abide; continue; perform; to labor, to do work; to be operative, exercise activity; accomplish; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon make, produce; create, bring into existence; bring about, cause; make, render; do; practice; to be doing, act; be efficacious
straight = εὐθύς = euthys Blue Letter Bible forthwith; direct, right; level; upright, true, sincere; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon straight, direct, whether vertically or horizontally; straightforward, frank; outright, openly, without reserve; directly; straightway, forthwith, immediately, as soon as; directly, simply
AND
(Hebrew from Isaiah 40:3) = יָשַׁר = yāšar Blue Letter Bible to be right, be straight, be level, be upright, be just, be lawful, be smooth; to be straight or even; direct; fit; level; pleasing, agreeable, right; make smooth, straight
paths = τρίβος = tribos Blue Letter Bible a beaten track; a worn way, a path; rut; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon worn or beaten track; the track of the path; following a track; path; rubbing, attrition; socket, friction-joint; area of friction or pressure of a bandage; bodily exercise
AND
(Hebrew from Isaiah 40:3) =מְסִלָּה = mᵊsillâ Blue Letter Bible highway, raised way, public road; a thoroughfare, turnpike; embanked; viaduct, staircase; ladder; causeway
all = πᾶς = pas Blue Letter Bible radically means "all." Used without the article it means "every," every kind or variety; any and every, of every kind, all manner of; in every way or particular; the whole; each, every, any, all, the whole, everyone, all things, everything; thoroughly, whatsoever; all manner of; the highest degree, the maximum; always; in everything, in every way, on every side, in every particular or relation; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon when used of a number, all; when of one only, the whole; all, the whole; every; all things as a unity, as a totality; all kinds of things; in all points, entirely, wholly; in every way, by all means, altogether
AND
(Hebrew from Isaiah 40:6) = כֹּל = kol Blue Letter Bible the whole; any, each, every, anything; totality, everything, of all kinds, every sort
flesh = σάρξ = sarx Blue Letter Bible mankind; all men; the complete person; a living creature (because possessed of a body of flesh); Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon the whole body
AND
(Hebrew from Isaiah 40:6) = בָּשָׂר = basar Blue Letter Bible self; flesh; the body itself; kindred, blood-relations; se flesh as frail or erring; all living creatures; the human race
salvation = σωτήριος = sōtērios Blue Letter Bible saving, bringing salvation; defender or (by implication) defence; safety; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon saving, delivering; recovery; bringing safety or deliverance
***
Gospel: Matthew 3:1-12
John the Baptist appeared, preaching in the desert of Judea and saying, "Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand!" It was of him that the prophet Isaiah had spoken when he said: A voice of one crying out in the desert, Prepare the way of the Lord, make straight his paths.
John wore clothing made of camel's hair and had a leather belt around his waist. His food was locusts and wild honey. At that time Jerusalem, all Judea, and the whole region around the Jordan were going out to him and were being baptized by him in the Jordan River as they acknowledged their sins.
When he saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees coming to his baptism, he said to them, "You brood of vipers! Who warned you to flee from the coming wrath? Produce good fruit as evidence of your repentance. And do not presume to say to yourselves, ‘We have Abraham as our father.' For I tell you, God can raise up children to Abraham from these stones. Even now the ax lies at the root of the trees. Therefore every tree that does not bear good fruit will be cut down and thrown into the fire.
I am baptizing you with water, for repentance, but the one who is coming after me is mightier than I. I am not worthy to carry his sandals. He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire. His winnowing fan is in his hand. He will clear his threshing floor and gather his wheat into his barn, but the chaff he will burn with unquenchable fire."
preaching = κηρύσσω = kēryssō Blue Letter Bible to be a herald, to proclaim, publish; always with the suggestion of formality, gravity and an authority which must be listened to and obeyed; proclaim openly: something which has been done; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon to be a herald, officiate as herald; to be an auctioneer; make proclamation; summon; extoll; call upon, invoke; announce; advertise; invite; declare, tell, crow
saying = λέγω = legō Blue Letter Bible to say, to ask; commanding, or bidding; to call, to call by name; pronouncing, telling or relating; to gather, reckon, account; to tell; affirm over, maintain; to exhort, advise, to command, direct; to call by name, to call, name; to "lay" forth; to asseverate, affirm, aver, maintain; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon to say, speak; declare; to tell one to do; to speak to the point or purpose; to speak (emphatically)
Repent = μετανοέω = metanoeō Blue Letter Bible to change one's mind; to change one's mind for better, heartily to amend with abhorrence of one's past sins; to think differently or afterwards, i.e. reconsider (morally, feel compunction); Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon perceive afterwards, concur subsequently; change one's mind or purpose
kingdom = βασιλεία = basileia Blue Letter Bible primarily an abstract noun, denoting sovereignty, royal power, dominion; denoting the people over whom a king rules; the right or authority to rule; reign; royal power and dignity; the rule of God; God's rule, the divine administration; the universe subject to God's sway, God's royal domain; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon Dominion; being ruled by a king; reign
voice = φωνή = phōnē Blue Letter Bible a voice; speech; a tone (articulate, bestial or artificial); by implication, an address (for any purpose), saying or language; a sound, a tone, of inanimate things, as musical instruments; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon sound, tone; the sound of the voice, whether of men or animals with lungs and throat; speech, voice, utterance; cry; any articulate sound
AND
(Hebrew from Isaiah 40:3) = קוֹל = qôl Blue Letter Bible voice, sound, noise; to call aloud; a voice or sound; bleating, crackling, lowing, neighing, stamping of feet; noise of inanimate objects
crying out = βοάω = boaō Blue Letter Bible to raise a cry, to speak with a strong voice; speak with a high, strong voice; to halloo, i.e. shout (for help or in a tumultuous way); to cry to one for help, implore his aid; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon roar, howl; call to one, call on; shout out for; noise abroad, celebrate; command in a loud notice to do a thing; to be filled with sound; to be deafened
AND
(Hebrew from Isaiah 40:3) = קָרָא = qārā' Blue Letter Bible to call, cry, utter a loud sound; to proclaim; to read aloud, read (to oneself); the idea of accosting a person met; address by name; call; name, give name to; to call upon or to
prepare = ἑτοιμάζω = hetoimazō Blue Letter Bible to make the necessary preparations, get everything ready; prepare, provide, make ready; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon Get ready; make oneself ready; to be prepared with
AND
(Hebrew from Isaiah 40:3) = פָּנָה = pānâ Blue Letter Bible to turn toward or from or away; to turn and do; to approach; make clear, clear away; to face; turn and look; regard; look for; turn away, put out of the way, make clear, clear away things scattered about, make orderly; to turn oneself; to direct one’s course, to intend, to propose to oneself
way = ὁδός = hodos Blue Letter Bible way, path, road; highway; used of a traveler's way; journey; a course of conduct; a way (i.e. manner) of thinking, feeling, deciding; the way in which one walks; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon way, road; course, channel of a river; way or manner; course; method, system
AND
(Hebrew from Isaiah 40:3) = דֶּרֶךְ = dereḵ Blue Letter Bible way, road, distance, journey, manner; path; mode; manner, habit, way; course of life; mode of action
Lord = κύριος = kyrios Blue Letter Bible Lord, master, owner, Sir; one who has the disposal of anything; one to whom service is due on any ground; one who exercises power;he to whom a person or thing belongs, about which he has power of deciding; the sovereign, prince, chief; a title of honour expressive of respect and reverence; supreme in authority; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon supreme power, authority; one invested with authority
AND
(Hebrew from Isaiah 40:3) = יְהֹוָה = Yᵊhōvâ Blue Letter Bible Yahweh; I am he who I am, I am who I am; he who is essentially unnameable, inexplicable; the God of the patriarchs; the existing One; the proper name of the one true God; the self-Existent or Eternal; the one bringing into being, life-giver; giver of existence, creator; performer of his promises; he who causes to fall, rain or lightning; he one who is: i.e. the absolute and unchangeable one; the existing, ever living, as self-consistent and unchangeable; or the one ever coming into manifestation as the God of redemption; the supreme God; God eternal and immutable
make = ποιέω = poieō Blue Letter Bible to do, make; used of spending a time or tarrying, in a place; to acquire, to provide a thing for one's self; to produce, bear, shoot forth; to carry out, to execute; to celebrate, keep; to perform; abide; continue; perform; to labor, to do work; to be operative, exercise activity; accomplish Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon make, produce; create, bring into existence; bring about, cause; make, render; do; practice; to be doing, act; be efficacious
straight = εὐθύς = euthys Blue Letter Bible forthwith; direct, right; level; upright, true, sincere; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon straight, direct, whether vertically or horizontally; straightforward, frank; outright, openly, without reserve; directly; straightway, forthwith, immediately, as soon as; directly, simply
AND
(Hebrew from Isaiah 40:3) = יָשַׁר = yāšar Blue Letter Bible to be right, be straight, be level, be upright, be just, be lawful, be smooth; to be straight or even; direct; fit; level; pleasing, agreeable, right; make smooth, straight
paths = τρίβος = tribos Blue Letter Bible a beaten track; a worn way, a path; rut; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon worn or beaten track; the track of the path; following a track; path; rubbing, attrition; socket, friction-joint; area of friction or pressure of a bandage; bodily exercise
AND
(Hebrew from Isaiah 40:3) =מְסִלָּה = mᵊsillâ Blue Letter Bible highway, raised way, public road; a thoroughfare, turnpike; embanked; viaduct, staircase; ladder; causeway
going out = ἐκπορεύομαι = ekporeuomai Blue Letter Bible come forth; to proceed from or forth; depart; issue; flow forth; project
to = πρός = pros Blue Letter Bible a preposition of direction; unto; motion towards; to, towards, with, with regard to; at, near, by; hard by; besides; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon in the direction of; towards; hard by, near, at; close to the feet, before one; clinging closely
baptized = βαπτίζω = baptizō Blue Letter Bible to dip; washed; to dip repeatedly, to immerse, to submerge; to cleanse by dipping or submerging, to wash, to make clean with water, to wash one's self, bathe; to overwhelm; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon dip, plunge; to be drowned; to be drenched; draw wine by dipping the cup in the bowl
acknowledged = ἐξομολογέω = exomologeō Blue Letter Bible public acknowledgment; profess or acknowledge openly; celebrating, giving praise; agree openly, to acknowledge outwardly, or fully; to celebrate, give praise; acknowledge openly and joyfully; to profess that one will do something, to promise, agree, engage; assent; agree fully
sins = ἁμαρτία = hamartia Blue Letter Bible lit., missing of the mark; moral obliquity; to be without a share in; to err, be mistaken; to miss or wander from the path; to do or go wrong; violate God's law; offence; a bad action, some particular evil deed; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon a failure, fault; error; guilt; Richard Trench, Synonyms of the New Testament missing of a mark or aim; a failing to grasp; to be without one’s share of, to miss; a failing and missing the true end and scope of our lives
wrath = ὀργή = orgē Blue Letter Bible anger; the natural disposition, temper, character movement or agitation of the soul; impulse, desire, any violent emotion, but esp. anger; wrath, indignation; punishment; violent passion; ire; abhorrence; indignation, vengeance, wrath; outbursts of anger; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon natural impulse or propensity; temperament, disposition, mood; anger, wrath; passionate, in a passion; visitations of wrath
coming = μέλλω = mellō Blue Letter Bible to be about to do anything, or to delay, is used in connection with a following verb in the sense of almost; to be on the point of doing or suffering something; to intend, have in mind, think to; things future, things to come; are to be, destined to be; those things which we infer from certain preceding events will of necessity follow; what is sure to happen; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon being about to do, threatening to do; unfulfilled thought or intention, delay; at short notice; putting off; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon (alternate definition) to be destined or likely to, indicating an estimated certainty or strong probability in the present, past, or future; to be about to, in purely temporal sense; to be always going to do without ever doing: hence, delay, put off; future
produce—see “make” above
fruit = καρπός = karpos Blue Letter Bible that which is produced by the inherent energy of a living organism; the visible expression of power working inwardly and invisibly; advantage, profit; sanctification; that which originates or comes from something, an effect, result; work, act, deed; utility; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon the fruits of the earth, corn, harvest, produce; taxes paid in kind; seed with seed-vessel; returns, profits; reward
evidence = ἄξιος = axios Blue Letter Bible weight, value, worth, weighing, having weight, having the weight of another thing of like value, worth as much; befitting, becoming, right on the ground of fitness, befitting, congruous, corresponding to a thing; of one who has merited anything worthy, deserving; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon weighing as much, of like value, worth as much as; worthy, goodly; deserved, meet, due; sufficient for; worthy of, deserving
repentance= μετάνοια = metanoia Blue letter Bible afterthought, change of mind; not simply a change of [] mind, but such a change as would reverse the effects of his [] previous state of mind; a change of mind, as it appears to one who repents, of a purpose he has formed or of something he has done; compunction (for guilt, including reformation); by implication, reversal (of (another's) decision); the change of mind of those who have begun to abhor their errors and misdeeds, and have determined to enter upon a better course of life; embraces both a recognition of sin and sorrow for it and hearty amendment; that change of mind by which we turn from, desist from, etc.; the improved spiritual state resulting from deep sorrow for sin; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon change of mind or heart, repentance, regret, correction
presume = δοκέω = dokeō Blue Letter Bible to be of opinion, think, suppose; to seem, to be accounted, reputed; it seems good to, pleased me, I determined; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon expect; think, suppose, imagine; think to do, purpose; have or form an opinion; seem, pretend; seem or be thought to have done; seem, as opp. to reality; to be reputed
bear—see “make” above
fruit—see above
cut down = ἐκκόπτω = ekkoptō Blue Letter Bible to cut or strike out; cutting off; to cut out, cut off; hew down, hinder; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon cut out, knock out; cut [trees] out of a wood, fell; laid waste; cut off, make an end of; eradicate abuses; extirpate; beat off, repulse; to be ruined; cut out or erase an inscription; hinder, bring to a stop
thrown = βάλλω = ballō Blue Letter Bible to throw or cast; hurl; send; thrust; to throw or let go of a thing without caring where it falls; to scatter, to throw, cast into; to give over to one's care uncertain about the result; to pour out; put into, insert; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon throw so as to hit; cast, hurl; let fall; push forward; throw about
fire = πῦρ = pyr Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon fire; fever heat, violent fever; to be consumed, come to nothing
baptizing—see “baptized” above
repentance—see above
coming = ἔρχομαι = erchomai Blue Letter Bible denoting either "to come, or to go," signifies the act, in contrast with heko, which stresses the arrival; to come from one place to another; to come into being, arise, come forth, show itself, find place or influence; to come to a thing; to go; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon start, set out; come or go; to go a journey; any kind of motion
after = ὀπίσω = opisō Blue Letter Bible back, behind, after, afterwards; to follow; get behind; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon backwards; back, back again; of action that reverses an action or occurrence; come after me, follow me
mightier = ἰσχυρός = ischyros Blue Letter Bible stronger, mightier; strong, mighty; power; those who wield great influence among men by their rank, authority, riches, etc.; Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon strong, powerful; strongly, with all force; very much, exceedingly
Scriptures addressing similar principles are collected at:
Wisdom Principles--Rebuke & Openness to Correction
We Must Make Real Effort/Sacrifice to receive all that God offers, But It Is Well Worth It
Wisdom Principles—God Loves and Calls Us to Him, In Spite of our Sin
***
What these readings tell us about God’s nature or our relationship to Him:
The spirit of the LORD shall rest upon him
a spirit of wisdom
understanding,
a spirit of counsel
strength
a spirit of knowledge
fear of the LORD
his delight shall be the fear of the LORD.
Not by appearance shall he judge, nor by hearsay shall he decide
judge the poor with justice
decide aright for the land's afflicted
strike the ruthless with the rod of his mouth, and with the breath of his lips he shall slay the wicked
Justice shall be the band around his waist
faithfulness a belt upon his hips.
There shall be no harm or ruin on all my holy mountain
a signal for the nations
his dwelling shall be glorious
Justice shall flourish in his time, and fullness of peace for ever.
your justice
govern your people with justice and your afflicted ones with judgment.
Justice shall flourish in his time, and fullness of peace for ever.
Justice shall flower in his days
profound peace
Justice shall flourish in his time, and fullness of peace for ever.
he shall rescue the poor when he cries out, and the afflicted when he has no one to help him.
He shall have pity for the lowly and the poor; the lives of the poor he shall save.
Justice shall flourish in his time, and fullness of peace for ever.
May his name be blessed forever
In him shall all the tribes of the earth be blessed; all the nations shall proclaim his happiness.
Justice shall flourish in his time, and fullness of peace for ever.
Whatever was written previously was written for our instruction
by endurance and by the encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope
the God of endurance and encouragement
God's truthfulness
confirm the promises
his mercy
all flesh shall see the salvation of God
God can raise up children to Abraham from these stones
every tree that does not bear good fruit will be cut down and thrown into the fire.
the one who is coming after me is mightier than I
I am not worthy to carry his sandals
He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire
He will clear his threshing floor and gather his wheat into his barn, but the chaff he will burn with unquenchable fire
What these readings tell us to do:
his delight shall be the fear of the LORD.
judge the poor with justice
decide aright for the land's afflicted
strike the ruthless with the rod of his mouth, and with the breath of his lips he shall slay the wicked
[be] filled with knowledge of the LORD, as water covers the sea.
the root of Jesse, set up as a signal for the nations
the Gentiles shall seek out
judgment
justice
govern your people with justice and your afflicted ones with judgment
rescue the poor
cries out
have pity for the lowly and the poor
he lives of the poor … save
his name be blessed forever
proclaim his happiness
instruction
have hope
think in harmony with one another, in keeping with Christ Jesus
with one accord you may with one voice glorify the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ.
Welcome one another, then, as Christ welcomed you, for the glory of God
glorify God for his mercy
praise you among the Gentiles
sing praises to your name.
Prepare the way of the Lord
make straight his paths
Repent
being baptized
acknowledged their sins.
flee from the coming wrath
Produce good fruit
Repentance
What these readings tell us not to do:
Not by appearance shall he judge, nor by hearsay shall he decide,
harm
ruin
presume
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